In the textbook, Play Therapy: The Art of the Relationship (4th ed.), Landreth (2023) defined child-centered play therapy as:
A dynamic interpersonal relationship between a child (or person of any age) and a therapist trained in play therapy procedures who provides selected play materials and facilitates the development of a safe relationship for the child (or person of any age) to fully express and explore self (feelings, thoughts, experiences, and behaviors) through play, the child's natural medium of communication, for optimal growth and development.
Play therapy is typically targeted for children ages 3-12. Play therapy can be helpful in a variety of circumstances including:
- Family issues, like divorce, separation or death of a close family member
- Anxiety, depression, and grief
- When facing medical procedures
- Experiencing developmental delay or learning disabilities
- Having issues in school
- Difficulty with emotional regulation
- Experiences of trauma
Play therapy helps children build feelings, awareness, and expression. Children are able to explore past experiences, feelings and reactions, leading to an exploration of what they need or wish for. The child takes the lead in child-centered play therapy which allows for feelings of control and independence and a practice of decision-making and problem-solving without judgment. Children will also work on:
- Developing coping skills to support presenting circumstances such as anxiety, emotional regulation, perfectionism, etc.
- Developing and improving self-confidence, self-compassion, empathy, etc.
- Strengthening social skills + stronger family relationships